dado un cuerda f la tarea es encontrar el subcadena repetitiva no superpuesta más larga en ello. En otras palabras encontrar 2 subcadenas idénticas de longitud máxima que no se superponen. Devuelve -1 si no existe dicha cadena.
Nota: Son posibles múltiples respuestas, pero tenemos que devolver el subcadena cuyo primera ocurrencia es anterior.
Ejemplos:
Aporte: s = 'acdcdcdc'
Producción: 'acdc'
Explicación: La cadena 'acdc' es la subcadena más larga de s que se repite pero no se superpone.Aporte: s = 'geeksforgeeks'
Producción: 'geeks'
Explicación: La cadena 'geeks' es la subcadena más larga de s que se repite pero no se superpone.
Tabla de contenido
- Uso del método de fuerza bruta: tiempo O(n^3) y espacio O(n)
- Uso de DP de arriba hacia abajo (memorización): O(n^2) tiempo y O(n^2) espacio
- Uso de DP ascendente (tabulación): tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n^2)
- Uso de DP optimizado para el espacio: tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n)
Uso del método de fuerza bruta: tiempo O(n^3) y espacio O(n)
C++La idea es generar mucho posibles subcadenas y verifique si la subcadena existe en el restante cadena. Si la subcadena existe y su longitud es mayor que que responder a la subcadena y luego establecer respuesta a la subcadena actual.
// C++ program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using recursion #include using namespace std; string longestSubstring(string& s) { int n = s.length(); string ans = ''; int len = 0; int i = 0 j = 0; while (i < n && j < n) { string curr = s.substr(i j - i + 1); // If substring exists compare its length // with ans if (s.find(curr j + 1) != string::npos && j - i + 1 > len) { len = j - i + 1; ans = curr; } // Otherwise increment i else i++; j++; } return len > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } int main() { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; cout << longestSubstring(s) << endl; return 0; }
Java // Java program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using recursion class GfG { static String longestSubstring(String s) { int n = s.length(); String ans = ''; int len = 0; int i = 0 j = 0; while (i < n && j < n) { String curr = s.substring(i j + 1); // If substring exists compare its length // with ans if (s.indexOf(curr j + 1) != -1 && j - i + 1 > len) { len = j - i + 1; ans = curr; } // Otherwise increment i else i++; j++; } return len > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } public static void main(String[] args) { String s = 'geeksforgeeks'; System.out.println(longestSubstring(s)); } }
Python # Python program to find longest repeating # and non-overlapping substring # using recursion def longestSubstring(s): n = len(s) ans = '' lenAns = 0 i j = 0 0 while i < n and j < n: curr = s[i:j + 1] # If substring exists compare its length # with ans if s.find(curr j + 1) != -1 and j - i + 1 > lenAns: lenAns = j - i + 1 ans = curr # Otherwise increment i else: i += 1 j += 1 if lenAns > 0: return ans return '-1' if __name__ == '__main__': s = 'geeksforgeeks' print(longestSubstring(s))
C# // C# program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using recursion using System; class GfG { static string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.Length; string ans = ''; int len = 0; int i = 0 j = 0; while (i < n && j < n) { string curr = s.Substring(i j - i + 1); // If substring exists compare its length // with ans if (s.IndexOf(curr j + 1) != -1 && j - i + 1 > len) { len = j - i + 1; ans = curr; } // Otherwise increment i else i++; j++; } return len > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; Console.WriteLine(longestSubstring(s)); } }
JavaScript // JavaScript program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using recursion function longestSubstring(s) { const n = s.length; let ans = ''; let len = 0; let i = 0 j = 0; while (i < n && j < n) { const curr = s.substring(i j + 1); // If substring exists compare its length // with ans if (s.indexOf(curr j + 1) !== -1 && j - i + 1 > len) { len = j - i + 1; ans = curr; } // Otherwise increment i else i++; j++; } return len > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } const s = 'geeksforgeeks'; console.log(longestSubstring(s));
Producción
geeks
Uso de DP de arriba hacia abajo (memorización): O(n^2) tiempo y O(n^2) espacio
El enfoque consiste en calcular la sufijo repetido más largo para todos los prefijos parejas en el cuerda f . Para índices i y j si s[yo] == s[j] entonces recursivamente calcular sufijo(i+1 j+1) y establecer sufijo(i j) como min(sufijo(i+1 j+1) + 1 j - i - 1) a evitar la superposición . Si los caracteres no coinciden establezca el sufijo (i j) = 0.
Nota:
- Para evitar superposiciones tenemos que asegurarnos de que la longitud de el sufijo es menor que (j-i) en cualquier instante.
- El valor máximo de sufijo(i j) proporciona la longitud de la subcadena repetida más larga y la subcadena en sí se puede encontrar utilizando la longitud y el índice inicial del sufijo común.
- sufijo(i j) almacena la longitud del sufijo común más largo entre índices yo y j asegurándolo no excede j - i - 1 para evitar superposiciones.
// C++ program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using memoization #include using namespace std; int findSuffix(int i int j string &s vector<vector<int>> &memo) { // base case if (j == s.length()) return 0; // return memoized value if (memo[i][j] != -1) return memo[i][j]; // if characters match if (s[i] == s[j]) { memo[i][j] = 1 + min(findSuffix(i + 1 j + 1 s memo) j - i - 1); } else { memo[i][j] = 0; } return memo[i][j]; } string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.length(); vector<vector<int>> memo(n vector<int>(n -1)); // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (ij) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { findSuffix(i j s memo); } } string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // If length of suffix is greater // than ansLen update ans and ansLen for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { if (memo[i][j] > ansLen) { ansLen = memo[i][j]; ans = s.substr(i ansLen); } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } int main() { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; cout << longestSubstring(s) << endl; return 0; }
Java // Java program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using memoization import java.util.Arrays; class GfG { static int findSuffix(int i int j String s int[][] memo) { // base case if (j == s.length()) return 0; // return memoized value if (memo[i][j] != -1) return memo[i][j]; // if characters match if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)) { memo[i][j] = 1 + Math.min(findSuffix(i + 1 j + 1 s memo) j - i - 1); } else { memo[i][j] = 0; } return memo[i][j]; } static String longestSubstring(String s) { int n = s.length(); int[][] memo = new int[n][n]; for (int[] row : memo) { Arrays.fill(row -1); } // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { findSuffix(i j s memo); } } String ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // If length of suffix is greater // than ansLen update ans and ansLen for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { if (memo[i][j] > ansLen) { ansLen = memo[i][j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } public static void main(String[] args) { String s = 'geeksforgeeks'; System.out.println(longestSubstring(s)); } }
Python # Python program to find longest repeating # and non-overlapping substring # using memoization def findSuffix(i j s memo): # base case if j == len(s): return 0 # return memoized value if memo[i][j] != -1: return memo[i][j] # if characters match if s[i] == s[j]: memo[i][j] = 1 + min(findSuffix(i + 1 j + 1 s memo) j - i - 1) else: memo[i][j] = 0 return memo[i][j] def longestSubstring(s): n = len(s) memo = [[-1] * n for _ in range(n)] # find length of non-overlapping # substrings for all pairs (i j) for i in range(n): for j in range(i + 1 n): findSuffix(i j s memo) ans = '' ansLen = 0 # If length of suffix is greater # than ansLen update ans and ansLen for i in range(n): for j in range(i + 1 n): if memo[i][j] > ansLen: ansLen = memo[i][j] ans = s[i:i + ansLen] if ansLen > 0: return ans return '-1' if __name__ == '__main__': s = 'geeksforgeeks' print(longestSubstring(s))
C# // C# program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using memoization using System; class GfG { static int findSuffix(int i int j string s int[ ] memo) { // base case if (j == s.Length) return 0; // return memoized value if (memo[i j] != -1) return memo[i j]; // if characters match if (s[i] == s[j]) { memo[i j] = 1 + Math.Min(findSuffix(i + 1 j + 1 s memo) j - i - 1); } else { memo[i j] = 0; } return memo[i j]; } static string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.Length; int[ ] memo = new int[n n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { memo[i j] = -1; } } // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { findSuffix(i j s memo); } } string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // If length of suffix is greater // than ansLen update ans and ansLen for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { if (memo[i j] > ansLen) { ansLen = memo[i j]; ans = s.Substring(i ansLen); } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; Console.WriteLine(longestSubstring(s)); } }
JavaScript // JavaScript program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using memoization function findSuffix(i j s memo) { // base case if (j === s.length) return 0; // return memoized value if (memo[i][j] !== -1) return memo[i][j]; // if characters match if (s[i] === s[j]) { memo[i][j] = 1 + Math.min(findSuffix(i + 1 j + 1 s memo) j - i - 1); } else { memo[i][j] = 0; } return memo[i][j]; } function longestSubstring(s) { const n = s.length; const memo = Array.from({length : n} () => Array(n).fill(-1)); // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (let j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { findSuffix(i j s memo); } } let ans = ''; let ansLen = 0; // If length of suffix is greater // than ansLen update ans and ansLen for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (let j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { if (memo[i][j] > ansLen) { ansLen = memo[i][j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } const s = 'geeksforgeeks'; console.log(longestSubstring(s));
Producción
geeks
Uso de DP ascendente (tabulación): tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n^2)
C++La idea es crear una matriz 2D de tamaño (n+1)*(n+1) y calcular los sufijos repetidos más largos para todos los índices pares (i j) iterativamente. Partimos de la fin de la cuerda y trabaje hacia atrás para llenar la tabla. para cada (yo j) si s[yo] == s[j] fijamos sufijo[i][j] a min(sufijo[i+1][j+1]+1 j-i-1) evitar superposiciones; de lo contrario sufijo[i][j] = 0.
// C++ program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using tabulation #include using namespace std; string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.length(); vector<vector<int>> dp(n+1 vector<int>(n+1 0)); string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (ij) for (int i=n-1; i>=0; i--) { for (int j=n-1; j>i; j--) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i]==s[j]) { dp[i][j] = 1 + min(dp[i+1][j+1] j-i-1); if (dp[i][j]>=ansLen) { ansLen = dp[i][j]; ans = s.substr(i ansLen); } } } } return ansLen>0?ans:'-1'; } int main() { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; cout << longestSubstring(s) << endl; return 0; }
Java // Java program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using tabulation class GfG { static String longestSubstring(String s) { int n = s.length(); int[][] dp = new int[n + 1][n + 1]; String ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = n - 1; j > i; j--) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)) { dp[i][j] = 1 + Math.min(dp[i + 1][j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[i][j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[i][j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } public static void main(String[] args) { String s = 'geeksforgeeks'; System.out.println(longestSubstring(s)); } }
Python # Python program to find longest repeating # and non-overlapping substring # using tabulation def longestSubstring(s): n = len(s) dp = [[0] * (n + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)] ans = '' ansLen = 0 # find length of non-overlapping # substrings for all pairs (i j) for i in range(n - 1 -1 -1): for j in range(n - 1 i -1): # if characters match set value # and compare with ansLen. if s[i] == s[j]: dp[i][j] = 1 + min(dp[i + 1][j + 1] j - i - 1) if dp[i][j] >= ansLen: ansLen = dp[i][j] ans = s[i:i + ansLen] return ans if ansLen > 0 else '-1' if __name__ == '__main__': s = 'geeksforgeeks' print(longestSubstring(s))
C# // C# program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using tabulation using System; class GfG { static string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.Length; int[] dp = new int[n + 1 n + 1]; string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = n - 1; j > i; j--) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i] == s[j]) { dp[i j] = 1 + Math.Min(dp[i + 1 j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[i j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[i j]; ans = s.Substring(i ansLen); } } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; Console.WriteLine(longestSubstring(s)); } }
JavaScript // JavaScript program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using tabulation function longestSubstring(s) { const n = s.length; const dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 } () => Array(n + 1).fill(0)); let ans = ''; let ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (let j = n - 1; j > i; j--) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i] === s[j]) { dp[i][j] = 1 + Math.min(dp[i + 1][j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[i][j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[i][j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } const s = 'geeksforgeeks'; console.log(longestSubstring(s));
Producción
geeks
Uso de DP optimizado para el espacio: tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n)
C++La idea es utilizar un matriz 1D única en lugar de un matriz 2D haciendo un seguimiento sólo de los 'siguiente fila' valores necesarios para calcular sufijo[i][j]. Dado que cada valor s sufijo[i][j] depende sólo de sufijo[i+1][j+1] en la fila siguiente podemos mantener los valores de la fila anterior en una matriz 1D y actualizarlos iterativamente para cada fila.
// C++ program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using space optimised #include using namespace std; string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.length(); vector<int> dp(n+10); string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (ij) for (int i=n-1; i>=0; i--) { for (int j=i; j<n; j++) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i]==s[j]) { dp[j] = 1 + min(dp[j+1] j-i-1); if (dp[j]>=ansLen) { ansLen = dp[j]; ans = s.substr(i ansLen); } } else dp[j] = 0; } } return ansLen>0?ans:'-1'; } int main() { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; cout << longestSubstring(s) << endl; return 0; }
Java // Java program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using space optimised class GfG { static String longestSubstring(String s) { int n = s.length(); int[] dp = new int[n + 1]; String ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = i; j < n; j++) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)) { dp[j] = 1 + Math.min(dp[j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } else { dp[j] = 0; } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } public static void main(String[] args) { String s = 'geeksforgeeks'; System.out.println(longestSubstring(s)); } }
Python # Python program to find longest repeating # and non-overlapping substring # using space optimised def longestSubstring(s): n = len(s) dp = [0] * (n + 1) ans = '' ansLen = 0 # find length of non-overlapping # substrings for all pairs (i j) for i in range(n - 1 -1 -1): for j in range(i n): # if characters match set value # and compare with ansLen. if s[i] == s[j]: dp[j] = 1 + min(dp[j + 1] j - i - 1) if dp[j] >= ansLen: ansLen = dp[j] ans = s[i:i + ansLen] else: dp[j] = 0 return ans if ansLen > 0 else '-1' if __name__ == '__main__': s = 'geeksforgeeks' print(longestSubstring(s))
C# // C# program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using space optimised using System; class GfG { static string longestSubstring(string s) { int n = s.Length; int[] dp = new int[n + 1]; string ans = ''; int ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = i; j < n; j++) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i] == s[j]) { dp[j] = 1 + Math.Min(dp[j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[j]; ans = s.Substring(i ansLen); } } else { dp[j] = 0; } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = 'geeksforgeeks'; Console.WriteLine(longestSubstring(s)); } }
JavaScript // JavaScript program to find longest repeating // and non-overlapping substring // using space optimised function longestSubstring(s) { const n = s.length; const dp = new Array(n + 1).fill(0); let ans = ''; let ansLen = 0; // find length of non-overlapping // substrings for all pairs (i j) for (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (let j = i; j < n; j++) { // if characters match set value // and compare with ansLen. if (s[i] === s[j]) { dp[j] = 1 + Math.min(dp[j + 1] j - i - 1); if (dp[j] >= ansLen) { ansLen = dp[j]; ans = s.substring(i i + ansLen); } } else { dp[j] = 0; } } } return ansLen > 0 ? ans : '-1'; } const s = 'geeksforgeeks'; console.log(longestSubstring(s));
Producción
geeks
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- Subcadena común más larga