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Número mínimo de eliminaciones e inserciones para transformar una cadena en otra

Dadas dos cuerdas s1 y s2 . La tarea es eliminar/eliminar y insertar el número mínimo de caracteres de s1 para transformarlo en s2 . Podría ser posible que el mismo personaje necesita ser eliminado/eliminado de un punto de s1 e insertado en otro punto.

Ejemplo 1:  

Aporte: s1 = 'montón' s2 =
Producción: 3
Explicación: Eliminación mínima = 2 e inserción mínima = 1
pyh se eliminan del montón y luego se inserta p al principio. Una cosa a tener en cuenta, aunque se requería p, primero se eliminó/eliminó de su posición y luego se insertó en alguna otra posición. Por tanto, p contribuye uno al recuento de eliminaciones y uno al recuento de inserciones.



Aporte: s1 = 'geeksforgeeks' s2 = 'geeks'
Producción: 8
Explicación: 8 eliminaciones, es decir, eliminar todos los caracteres de la cadena 'forgeeks'.

Tabla de contenido

Uso de la recursividad: tiempo O(2^n) y espacio O(n)

Un enfoque simple para resolver el problema implica generar todos subsecuencias de s1 y para cada subsecuencia calculando el mínimo eliminaciones e inserciones necesarias para transformarlo en s2. Un enfoque eficiente utiliza el concepto de subsecuencia común más larga (LCS) para encontrar la longitud del LCS más largo. Una vez que tenemos LCS de dos cadenas podemos encontrar Inserción mínima y Eliminaciones para convertir s1 en s2.

  • A minimizar las eliminaciones sólo necesitamos eliminar caracteres de s1 que no son parte del subsecuencia común más larga (LCS) con s2 . Esto puede ser determinado por restando el longitud del LCS desde la longitud de s1 . Por tanto, el número mínimo de eliminaciones es:
    minDeletions = longitud de s1 - longitud de LCS.
  • De manera similar a minimizar las inserciones solo necesitamos insertar caracteres de s2 en s1 que no forman parte de la LCS. Esto puede ser determinado por restando el longitud del LCS desde la longitud de s2 . Por tanto, el número mínimo de inserciones es:
    minInsertions = longitud de s2 - longitud LCS.
C++
// C++ program to find the minimum number of insertion and deletion // using recursion. #include    using namespace std; int lcs(string &s1 string &s2 int m int n) {    // Base case: If either string is empty  // the LCS length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0)  return 0;  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1])  // Include the matching character in LCS and   // recurse for remaining substrings  return 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1);  else  // If the last characters do not match   // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  return max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1) lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n)); } int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {  int m = s1.size();  int n = s2.size();  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1]  // and s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2 m n);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  int total = minDeletions + minInsertions;  return total; } int main() {  string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  cout << res;  return 0; } 
Java
// Java program to find the minimum number of insertions and // deletions using recursion. class GfG {    static int lcs(String s1 String s2 int m int n) {    // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS  // length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0) {  return 0;  }  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1.charAt(m - 1) == s2.charAt(n - 1)) {  // Include the matching character in LCS  // and recurse for remaining substrings  return 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match  // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  return Math.max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n));  }  }  static int minOperations(String s1 String s2) {  int m = s1.length();  int n = s2.length();  // the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2 m n);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s2  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  public static void main(String[] args) {  String s1 = 'AGGTAB';  String s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  System.out.println(res);  } } 
Python
# Python program to find the minimum number of insertions # and deletions using recursion def lcs(s1 s2 m n): # Base case: If either string is empty # the LCS length is 0 if m == 0 or n == 0: return 0 # If the last characters of both substrings match if s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1]: # Include the matching character in LCS and  # recurse for remaining substrings return 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1) else: # If the last characters do not match  # find the maximum LCS length by: # 1. Excluding the last character of s1 # 2. Excluding the last character of s2 return max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1) lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n)) def minOperations(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] lengthLcs = lcs(s1 s2 m n) # Characters to delete from str1 minDeletions = m - lengthLcs # Characters to insert into str1 minInsertions = n - lengthLcs # Total operations needed return minDeletions + minInsertions if __name__ == '__main__': s1 = 'AGGTAB' s2 = 'GXTXAYB' result = minOperations(s1 s2) print(result) 
C#
// C# program to find the minimum number of insertions and // deletions using recursion. using System; class GfG {  static int lcs(string s1 string s2 int m int n) {    // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS  // length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0)  return 0;  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1]) {    // Include the matching character in LCS  // and recurse for remaining substrings  return 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match  // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  return Math.Max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n));  }  }  static int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {  int m = s1.Length;  int n = s2.Length;  // the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int lengthLcs = lcs(s1 s2 m n);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - lengthLcs;  // Characters to insert into s2  int minInsertions = n - lengthLcs;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  static void Main(string[] args) {  string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int result = minOperations(s1 s2);  Console.WriteLine(result);  } } 
JavaScript
// JavaScript program to find the minimum number of // insertions and deletions using recursion function lcs(s1 s2 m n) {  // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS length  // is 0  if (m === 0 || n === 0) {  return 0;  }  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] === s2[n - 1]) {    // Include the matching character in LCS and recurse  // for remaining substrings  return 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match find the  // maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  return Math.max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n));  } } function minOperations(s1 s2) {  const m = s1.length;  const n = s2.length;  // Length of the LCS  const len = lcs(s1 s2 m n);  // Characters to delete from s1  const minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  const minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions; } const s1 = 'AGGTAB'; const s2 = 'GXTXAYB'; const res = minOperations(s1 s2); console.log(res); 

Producción
5

Uso de DP de arriba hacia abajo (memorización): tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n^2)

En este enfoque aplicamos memorización para almacenar los resultados de subproblemas superpuestos mientras se encuentra la subsecuencia común más larga (LCS). A matriz 2D memorándum se utiliza para guardar el LCS longitudes para diferentes subcadenas de las dos cadenas de entrada, lo que garantiza que cada subproblema se resuelva solo una vez.
Este método es similar a Subsecuencia común más larga (LCS) problema al utilizar la memorización.

C++
// C++ program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using memoization. #include    #include  using namespace std; int lcs(string &s1 string &s2 int m int n   vector<vector<int>> &memo) {    // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0)  return 0;  // If the value is already computed return  // it from the memo array  if(memo[m][n]!=-1)  return memo[m][n];    // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1])    // Include the matching character in LCS and recurse for  // remaining substrings  return memo[m][n] = 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1 memo);  else    // If the last characters do not match find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  return memo[m][n] = max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1 memo)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n memo)); } int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.size();   int n = s2.size();     // Initialize the memoization array with -1.  vector<vector<int>> memo = vector<vector<int>>  (m+1vector<int>(n+1-1));    // the length of the LCS for   // s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2 m n memo);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  int total = minDeletions + minInsertions;  return total; } int main() {    string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  cout << res;  return 0; } 
Java
// Java program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using memoization. class GfG {  static int lcs(String s1 String s2 int m int n int[][] memo) {    // Base case: If either string is empty   // the LCS length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0) {   return 0;  }  // If the value is already computed return it  // from the memo array  if (memo[m][n] != -1) {  return memo[m][n];  }  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1.charAt(m - 1) == s2.charAt(n - 1)) {  // Include the matching character in LCS and recurse for  // remaining substrings  memo[m][n] = 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1 memo);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match  // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  memo[m][n] = Math.max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1 memo)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n memo));  }  return memo[m][n];  }  static int minOperations(String s1 String s2) {    int m = s1.length();   int n = s2.length();   // Initialize the memoization array with -1   // (indicating uncalculated values)  int[][] memo = new int[m + 1][n + 1];  for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {  memo[i][j] = -1;  }  }  // the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2 m n memo);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  static void main(String[] args) {    String s1 = 'AGGTAB';   String s2 = 'GXTXAYB';   int res = minOperations(s1 s2);   System.out.println(res);   } } 
Python
# Python program to find the minimum number of insertions and  # deletions using memoization def lcs(s1 s2 m n memo): # Base case: If either string is empty the LCS length is 0 if m == 0 or n == 0: return 0 # If the value is already computed  # return it from the memo array if memo[m][n] != -1: return memo[m][n] # If the last characters of both substrings match if s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1]: # Include the matching character in LCS and  # recurse for remaining substrings memo[m][n] = 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1 memo) else: # If the last characters do not match  # find the maximum LCS length by: # 1. Excluding the last character of s1 # 2. Excluding the last character of s2 memo[m][n] = max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1 memo) lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n memo)) # Return the computed value return memo[m][n] def minOperations(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # Initialize the memoization array with -1 # (indicating uncalculated values) memo = [[-1 for _ in range(n + 1)] for _ in range(m + 1)] # Calculate the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] lengthLcs = lcs(s1 s2 m n memo) # Characters to delete from s1 minDeletions = m - lengthLcs # Characters to insert into s1 minInsertions = n - lengthLcs # Total operations needed return minDeletions + minInsertions if __name__ == '__main__': s1 = 'AGGTAB' s2 = 'GXTXAYB' res = minOperations(s1 s2) print(res) 
C#
// C# program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using memoization. using System; class GfG {    static int lcs(string s1 string s2 int m int n  int[ ] memo) {    // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS  // length is 0  if (m == 0 || n == 0) {  return 0;  }  // If the value is already computed return it from  // the memo array  if (memo[m n] != -1) {  return memo[m n];  }  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] == s2[n - 1]) {    // Include the matching character in LCS and  // recurse for remaining substrings  memo[m n]  = 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1 memo);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match find the  // maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  memo[m n]  = Math.Max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1 memo)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n memo));  }  // Return the computed value  return memo[m n];  }    static int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.Length;   int n = s2.Length;   // Initialize the memoization array with -1  // (indicating uncalculated values)  int[ ] memo = new int[m + 1 n + 1];  for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {  memo[i j] = -1;  }  }  // Calculate the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int lengthLcs = lcs(s1 s2 m n memo);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - lengthLcs;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - lengthLcs;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }    static void Main(string[] args) {    string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  Console.WriteLine(res);   } } 
JavaScript
// JavaScript program to find the minimum number of // insertions and deletions using memoization function lcs(s1 s2 m n memo) {  // Base case: If either string is empty the LCS length  // is 0  if (m === 0 || n === 0) {  return 0;  }  // If the value is already computed return it from the  // memo array  if (memo[m][n] !== -1) {  return memo[m][n];  }  // If the last characters of both substrings match  if (s1[m - 1] === s2[n - 1]) {    // Include the matching character in LCS and recurse  // for remaining substrings  memo[m][n] = 1 + lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n - 1 memo);  }  else {    // If the last characters do not match find the  // maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  memo[m][n] = Math.max(lcs(s1 s2 m n - 1 memo)  lcs(s1 s2 m - 1 n memo));  }    return memo[m][n]; } function minOperations(s1 s2){  const m = s1.length;  const n = s2.length;  // Initialize the memoization array with -1 (indicating  // uncalculated values)  const memo = Array.from({length : m + 1}  () => Array(n + 1).fill(-1));  // Calculate the length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  const len = lcs(s1 s2 m n memo);  // Characters to delete from s1  const minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  const minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions; } const s1 = 'AGGTAB'; const s2 = 'GXTXAYB'; const res = minOperations(s1 s2); console.log(res); 

Producción
5

Uso de DP ascendente (tabulación): tiempo O(n^2) y espacio O(n^2)

El enfoque es similar al el anterior solo en lugar de analizar el problema recursivamente nosotros iterativamente Construya la solución calculando en de abajo hacia arriba manera. Mantenemos un tabla 2D dp[][] tal que dp[i][j] almacena el Subsecuencia común más larga (LCS) para el subproblema(i j) .
Este enfoque es similar a encontrar LCS de manera ascendente .

C++
// C++ program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using tabulation. #include    #include  using namespace std;   int lcs(string &s1 string &s2) {    int m = s1.size();  int n = s2.size();  // Initializing a matrix of size (m+1)*(n+1)  vector<vector<int>> dp(m + 1 vector<int>(n + 1 0));  // Building dp[m+1][n+1] in bottom-up fashion  for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {  for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {  if (s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1])  dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[i][j] = max(dp[i - 1][j] dp[i][j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m][n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1]  // and s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m][n]; } int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.size();  int n = s2.size();  // the length of the LCS for  // s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  int total = minDeletions + minInsertions;  return total; } int main() {    string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  cout << res;  return 0; } 
Java
// Java program to find the minimum of insertion and // deletion using tabulation. class GfG {    static int lcs(String s1 String s2) {    int m = s1.length();  int n = s2.length();  // Initializing a matrix of size (m+1)*(n+1)  int[][] dp = new int[m + 1][n + 1];  // Building dp[m+1][n+1] in bottom-up fashion  for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {  for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {  if (s1.charAt(i - 1) == s2.charAt(j - 1))  dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i - 1][j]  dp[i][j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m][n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1]  // and s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m][n];  }  static int minOperations(String s1 String s2) {    int m = s1.length();  int n = s2.length();  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // str2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  public static void main(String[] args) {    String s1 = 'AGGTAB';  String s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  System.out.println(res);  } } 
Python
# Python program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion # using tabulation. def lcs(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # Initializing a matrix of size (m+1)*(n+1) dp = [[0] * (n + 1) for _ in range(m + 1)] # Building dp[m+1][n+1] in bottom-up fashion for i in range(1 m + 1): for j in range(1 n + 1): if s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1]: dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1 else: dp[i][j] = max(dp[i - 1][j] dp[i][j - 1]) # dp[m][n] contains length of LCS for # s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] return dp[m][n] def minOperations(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # the length of the LCS for  # s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] lengthLcs = lcs(s1 s2) # Characters to delete from s1 minDeletions = m - lengthLcs # Characters to insert into s1 minInsertions = n - lengthLcs # Total operations needed return minDeletions + minInsertions s1 = 'AGGTAB' s2 = 'GXTXAYB' res = minOperations(s1 s2) print(res) 
C#
// C# program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using tabulation. using System; class GfG {    static int Lcs(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.Length;  int n = s2.Length;  // Initializing a matrix of size (m+1)*(n+1)  int[ ] dp = new int[m + 1 n + 1];  // Building dp[m+1][n+1] in bottom-up fashion  for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {  for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {  if (s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1])  dp[i j] = dp[i - 1 j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[i j] = Math.Max(dp[i - 1 j]  dp[i j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1]  // and s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m n];  }  static int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.Length;  int n = s2.Length;  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int len = Lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from str1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into str1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  static void Main() {    string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  Console.WriteLine(res);  } } 
JavaScript
// JavaScript program to find the minimum of insertion and // deletion using tabulation. function lcs(s1 s2) {  let m = s1.length;  let n = s2.length;  // Initializing a matrix of size (m+1)*(n+1)  let dp = Array(m + 1).fill().map(  () => Array(n + 1).fill(0));  // Building dp[m+1][n+1] in bottom-up fashion  for (let i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {  for (let j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {  if (s1[i - 1] === s2[j - 1])  dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[i][j]  = Math.max(dp[i - 1][j] dp[i][j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m][n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m][n]; } function minOperations(s1 s2) {  let m = s1.length;  let n = s2.length;  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  let len = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  let minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  let minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions; } let s1 = 'AGGTAB'; let s2 = 'GXTXAYB'; let res = minOperations(s1 s2); console.log(res); 

Producción
5

Uso de DP ascendente (optimización del espacio): tiempo O (n ^ 2) y espacio O (n)

En el enfoque anterior el subsecuencia común más larga (LCS) usos del algoritmo O(norte * norte) espacio para almacenar todo mesa dp . Sin embargo, dado que cada valor en dp[i][j ] sólo depende de la fila actual y el fila anterior No necesitamos almacenar toda la tabla. Esto se puede optimizar almacenando solo las filas actuales y anteriores. Para más detalles consulte Una solución de LCS optimizada para el espacio .

C++
// C++ program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using space optimized. #include    using namespace std; int lcs(string &s1 string &s2) {    int m = s1.length() n = s2.length();  vector<vector<int>> dp(2 vector<int>(n + 1));  for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {  // Compute current binary index. If i is even  // then curr = 0 else 1  bool curr = i & 1;  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {    // Initialize first row and first column with 0  if (i == 0 || j == 0)  dp[curr][j] = 0;  else if (s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1])  dp[curr][j] = dp[1 - curr][j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[curr][j] = max(dp[1 - curr][j] dp[curr][j - 1]);  }  }  return dp[m & 1][n]; } int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {  int m = s1.size();  int n = s2.size();  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  int total = minDeletions + minInsertions;  return total; } int main() {  string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  cout << res;  return 0; } 
Java
// Java program to find the minimum of insertion and // deletion using space optimized. class GfG {    static int lcs(String s1 String s2) {    int m = s1.length();  int n = s2.length();  // Initializing a 2D array with size (2) x (n + 1)  int[][] dp = new int[2][n + 1];  for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {  // Compute current binary index. If i is even  // then curr = 0 else 1  int curr = i % 2;  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {    // Initialize first row and first column  // with 0  if (i == 0 || j == 0)  dp[curr][j] = 0;  else if (s1.charAt(i - 1)  == s2.charAt(j - 1))  dp[curr][j] = dp[1 - curr][j - 1] + 1;  else  dp[curr][j] = Math.max(dp[1 - curr][j]  dp[curr][j - 1]);  }  }  return dp[m % 2][n];  }  static int minOperations(String s1 String s2) {    int m = s1.length();  int n = s2.length();  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int len = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - len;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - len;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  public static void main(String[] args) {    String s1 = 'AGGTAB';  String s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  System.out.println(res);  } } 
Python
# Python program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion # using space optimized. def lcs(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # Initializing a matrix of size (2)*(n+1) dp = [[0] * (n + 1) for _ in range(2)] for i in range(m + 1): # Compute current binary index. If i is even # then curr = 0 else 1 curr = i % 2 for j in range(n + 1): # Initialize first row and first column with 0 if i == 0 or j == 0: dp[curr][j] = 0 # If the last characters of both substrings match elif s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1]: dp[curr][j] = dp[1 - curr][j - 1] + 1 # If the last characters do not match # find the maximum LCS length by: # 1. Excluding the last character of s1 # 2. Excluding the last character of s2 else: dp[curr][j] = max(dp[1 - curr][j] dp[curr][j - 1]) # dp[m & 1][n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] return dp[m % 2][n] def minOperations(s1 s2): m = len(s1) n = len(s2) # the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1] length = lcs(s1 s2) # Characters to delete from s1 minDeletions = m - length # Characters to insert into s1 minInsertions = n - length # Total operations needed return minDeletions + minInsertions s1 = 'AGGTAB' s2 = 'GXTXAYB' res = minOperations(s1 s2) print(res) 
C#
// C# program to find the minimum of insertion and deletion // using space optimized. using System; class GfG {  static int lcs(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.Length;  int n = s2.Length;  // Initializing a matrix of size (2)*(n+1)  int[][] dp = new int[2][];  dp[0] = new int[n + 1];  dp[1] = new int[n + 1];  for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {    // Compute current binary index. If i is even  // then curr = 0 else 1  int curr = i % 2;  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {    // Initialize first row and first column  // with 0  if (i == 0 || j == 0)  dp[curr][j] = 0;  // If the last characters of both substrings  // match  else if (s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1])  dp[curr][j] = dp[1 - curr][j - 1] + 1;  // If the last characters do not match  // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  else  dp[curr][j] = Math.Max(dp[1 - curr][j]  dp[curr][j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m & 1][n] contains length of LCS for  // s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m % 2][n];  }  static int minOperations(string s1 string s2) {    int m = s1.Length;  int n = s2.Length;  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and  // s2[0..n-1]  int length = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  int minDeletions = m - length;  // Characters to insert into s1  int minInsertions = n - length;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions;  }  static void Main(string[] args) {    string s1 = 'AGGTAB';  string s2 = 'GXTXAYB';  int res = minOperations(s1 s2);  Console.WriteLine(res);  } } 
JavaScript
// JavaScript program to find the minimum of insertion and // deletion using space optimized. function lcs(s1 s2) {  const m = s1.length;  const n = s2.length;  // Initializing a matrix of size (2)*(n+1)  const dp  = Array(2).fill().map(() => Array(n + 1).fill(0));  for (let i = 0; i <= m; i++) {    // Compute current binary index. If i is even  // then curr = 0 else 1  const curr = i % 2;  for (let j = 0; j <= n; j++) {    // Initialize first row and first column with 0  if (i === 0 || j === 0)  dp[curr][j] = 0;  // If the last characters of both substrings  // match  else if (s1[i - 1] === s2[j - 1])  dp[curr][j] = dp[1 - curr][j - 1] + 1;  // If the last characters do not match  // find the maximum LCS length by:  // 1. Excluding the last character of s1  // 2. Excluding the last character of s2  else  dp[curr][j] = Math.max(dp[1 - curr][j]  dp[curr][j - 1]);  }  }  // dp[m & 1][n] contains length of LCS for s1[0..m-1]  // and s2[0..n-1]  return dp[m % 2][n]; } function minOperations(s1 s2) {  const m = s1.length;  const n = s2.length;  // the length of the LCS for s1[0..m-1] and s2[0..n-1]  const length = lcs(s1 s2);  // Characters to delete from s1  const minDeletions = m - length;  // Characters to insert into s1  const minInsertions = n - length;  // Total operations needed  return minDeletions + minInsertions; } const s1 = 'AGGTAB'; const s2 = 'GXTXAYB'; const res = minOperations(s1 s2); console.log(res); 

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